Die Kraft die man zusätzlich überwinden muss wird wie folgt berechnet:
F = m . g . sin(α)
wobei m die Masse des Wagen in kg, g die Erdbeschleunigung mit 9,81 m/s2 und α die Steigung darstellt. In der folgenden Tabelle wurde mit einem Fahrzeug gerechnet, das 2000 kg wiegt und mit normal Benzin fährt. Es wurde ein realistischer Wirkungsgrad von 15% angenommen. So braucht das Fahrzeug bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 40 km/h und einer Steigung von 7% 10,9 Liter mehr Benzin als wenn es unter gleichen Bedingungen auf einer Fahrbahn ohne Steigung fahren würde. Bei einem theoretischen Durchschnittsverbrauch von 5,5 Liter / 100km würde sich ein Umweg von bis zu 200 km lohnen.
Die steilste Straße der Welt ist die Baldwin Street in Neuseeland. Die maximale Steigung der 200 Meter langen Straße beträgt 35 % oder 19,3°. Knapp dahinter liegt die Turacher Höhe in Kärnten mit 34%. In Deutschland sind die maximale Fahrbahnsteigungen wie folgt festgelegt:
Straße | km/h | maximale Steigung |
Landstraße |
60 | 6,5% |
Bundesstraße |
80 | 5% |
Autobahn | 100 | 4,5% |
120 | 4% | |
140 |
4% | |
Stadt | 10% | |
Alpen | 30% |
Tabelle: Benzinverbrauch in Liter pro 100 km
10 km/h |
20 km/h |
30 km/h |
40 km/h |
50 km/h |
60 km/h |
70 km/h |
80 km/h |
90 km/h |
100 km/h | |
1% | 0,4 | 0,8 | 1,2 | 1,6 | 2,0 | 2,3 | 2,7 | 3,1 | 3,5 | 3,9 |
2% | 0,8 | 1,6 | 2,3 | 3,1 | 3,9 | 4,7 | 5,5 | 6,2 | 7,0 | 7,8 |
3% | 1,2 | 2,3 | 3,5 | 4,7 | 5,9 | 7,0 | 8,2 | 9,4 | 10,5 | 11,7 |
4% | 1,6 | 3,1 | 4,7 | 6,2 | 7,8 | 9,4 | 10,9 | 12,5 | 14,1 | 15,6 |
5% | 2,0 | 3,9 | 5,9 | 7,8 | 9,8 | 11,7 | 13,7 | 15,6 | 17,6 | 19,5 |
6% | 2,3 | 4,7 | 7,0 | 9,4 | 11,7 | 14,0 | 16,4 | 18,7 | 21,1 | 23,4 |
7% | 2,7 | 5,5 | 8,2 | 10,9 | 13,6 | 16,4 | 19,1 | 21,8 | 24,6 | 27,3 |
8% | 3,1 | 6,2 | 9,3 | 12,5 | 15,6 | 18,7 | 21,8 | 24,9 | 28,0 | 31,2 |
9% | 3,5 | 7,0 | 10,5 | 14,0 | 17,5 | 21,0 | 24,5 | 28,0 | 31,5 | 35,0 |
10% | 3,9 | 7,8 | 11,7 | 15,5 | 19,4 | 23,3 | 27,2 | 31,1 | 35,0 | 38,9 |
11% | 4,3 | 8,5 | 12,8 | 17,1 | 21,4 | 25,6 | 29,9 | 34,2 | 38,4 | 42,7 |
12% | 4,7 | 9,3 | 14,0 | 18,6 | 23,3 | 27,9 | 32,6 | 37,2 | 41,9 | 46,5 |
13% | 5,0 | 10,1 | 15,1 | 20,1 | 25,2 | 30,2 | 35,3 | 40,3 | 45,3 | 50,4 |
14% | 5,4 | 10,8 | 16,3 | 21,7 | 27,1 | 32,5 | 37,9 | 43,3 | 48,8 | 54,2 |
15% | 5,8 | 11,6 | 17,4 | 23,2 | 29,0 | 34,8 | 40,6 | 46,4 | 52,2 | 58,0 |
16% | 6,2 | 12,3 | 18,5 | 24,7 | 30,9 | 37,0 | 43,2 | 49,4 | 55,6 | 61,7 |
17% | 6,5 | 13,1 | 19,6 | 26,2 | 32,7 | 39,3 | 45,8 | 52,4 | 58,9 | 65,5 |
18% | 6,9 | 13,8 | 20,8 | 27,7 | 34,6 | 41,5 | 48,4 | 55,4 | 62,3 | 69,2 |
19% | 7,3 | 14,6 | 21,9 | 29,2 | 36,5 | 43,8 | 51,0 | 58,3 | 65,6 | 72,9 |
20% | 7,7 | 15,3 | 23,0 | 30,6 | 38,3 | 46,0 | 53,6 | 61,3 | 69,0 | 76,6 |
21% | 8,0 | 16,1 | 24,1 | 32,1 | 40,1 | 48,2 | 56,2 | 64,2 | 72,3 | 80,3 |
22% | 8,4 | 16,8 | 25,2 | 33,6 | 42,0 | 50,4 | 58,8 | 67,2 | 75,5 | 83,9 |
23% | 8,8 | 17,5 | 26,3 | 35,0 | 43,8 | 52,5 | 61,3 | 70,1 | 78,8 | 87,6 |
24% | 9,1 | 18,2 | 27,4 | 36,5 | 45,6 | 54,7 | 63,8 | 72,9 | 82,1 | 91,2 |
25% | 9,5 | 19,0 | 28,4 | 37,9 | 47,4 | 56,9 | 66,3 | 75,8 | 85,3 | 94,8 |
26% | 9,8 | 19,7 | 29,5 | 39,3 | 49,2 | 59,0 | 68,8 | 78,6 | 88,5 | 98,3 |
27% | 10,2 | 20,4 | 30,6 | 40,7 | 50,9 | 61,1 | 71,3 | 81,5 | 91,7 | 101,8 |
28% | 10,5 | 21,1 | 31,6 | 42,1 | 52,7 | 63,2 | 73,7 | 84,3 | 94,8 | 105,3 |
29% | 10,9 | 21,8 | 32,6 | 43,5 | 54,4 | 65,3 | 76,2 | 87,1 | 97,9 | 108,8 |
30% | 11,2 | 22,5 | 33,7 | 44,9 | 56,1 | 67,4 | 78,6 | 89,8 | 101,0 | 112,3 |
31% | 11,6 | 23,1 | 34,7 | 46,3 | 57,8 | 69,4 | 81,0 | 92,5 | 104,1 | 115,7 |
32% | 11,9 | 23,8 | 35,7 | 47,6 | 59,5 | 71,4 | 83,3 | 95,3 | 107,2 | 119,1 |
33% | 12,2 | 24,5 | 36,7 | 49,0 | 61,2 | 73,5 | 85,7 | 97,9 | 110,2 | 122,4 |
34% | 12,6 | 25,2 | 37,7 | 50,3 | 62,9 | 75,5 | 88,0 | 100,6 | 113,2 | 125,8 |
35% | 12,9 | 25,8 | 38,7 | 51,6 | 64,5 | 77,4 | 90,3 | 103,2 | 116,2 | 129,1 |
36% | 13,2 | 26,5 | 39,7 | 52,9 | 66,2 | 79,4 | 92,6 | 105,9 | 119,1 | 132,3 |
37% | 13,6 | 27,1 | 40,7 | 54,2 | 67,8 | 81,3 | 94,9 | 108,5 | 122,0 | 135,6 |
38% | 13,9 | 27,8 | 41,6 | 55,5 | 69,4 | 83,3 | 97,1 | 111,0 | 124,9 | 138,8 |
39% | 14,2 | 28,4 | 42,6 | 56,8 | 71,0 | 85,2 | 99,4 | 113,6 | 127,8 | 142,0 |
40% | 14,5 | 29,0 | 43,5 | 58,0 | 72,5 | 87,1 | 101,6 | 116,1 | 130,6 | 145,1 |
41% | 14,8 | 29,6 | 44,5 | 59,3 | 74,1 | 88,9 | 103,7 | 118,6 | 133,4 | 148,2 |
42% | 15,1 | 30,3 | 45,4 | 60,5 | 75,6 | 90,8 | 105,9 | 121,0 | 136,2 | 151,3 |
43% | 15,4 | 30,9 | 46,3 | 61,7 | 77,2 | 92,6 | 108,0 | 123,5 | 138,9 | 154,3 |
44% | 15,7 | 31,5 | 47,2 | 62,9 | 78,7 | 94,4 | 110,1 | 125,9 | 141,6 | 157,3 |
45% | 16,0 | 32,1 | 48,1 | 64,1 | 80,2 | 96,2 | 112,2 | 128,3 | 144,3 | 160,3 |
46% | 16,3 | 32,7 | 49,0 | 65,3 | 81,6 | 98,0 | 114,3 | 130,6 | 146,9 | 163,3 |
47% | 16,6 | 33,2 | 49,9 | 66,5 | 83,1 | 99,7 | 116,3 | 132,9 | 149,6 | 166,2 |
48% | 16,9 | 33,8 | 50,7 | 67,6 | 84,5 | 101,4 | 118,3 | 135,2 | 152,2 | 169,1 |
49% | 17,2 | 34,4 | 51,6 | 68,8 | 86,0 | 103,1 | 120,3 | 137,5 | 154,7 | 171,9 |
50% | 17,5 | 34,9 | 52,4 | 69,9 | 87,4 | 104,8 | 122,3 | 139,8 | 157,2 | 174,7 |
51% | 17,7 | 35,5 | 53,2 | 71,0 | 88,7 | 106,5 | 124,2 | 142,0 | 159,7 | 177,5 |
52% | 18,0 | 36,0 | 54,1 | 72,1 | 90,1 | 108,1 | 126,2 | 144,2 | 162,2 | 180,2 |
53% | 18,3 | 36,6 | 54,9 | 73,2 | 91,5 | 109,8 | 128,1 | 146,4 | 164,7 | 183,0 |
54% | 18,6 | 37,1 | 55,7 | 74,3 | 92,8 | 111,4 | 129,9 | 148,5 | 167,1 | 185,6 |
55% | 18,8 | 37,7 | 56,5 | 75,3 | 94,1 | 113,0 | 131,8 | 150,6 | 169,4 | 188,3 |
56% | 19,1 | 38,2 | 57,3 | 76,4 | 95,4 | 114,5 | 133,6 | 152,7 | 171,8 | 190,9 |
57% | 19,3 | 38,7 | 58,0 | 77,4 | 96,7 | 116,1 | 135,4 | 154,8 | 174,1 | 193,5 |
58% | 19,6 | 39,2 | 58,8 | 78,4 | 98,0 | 117,6 | 137,2 | 156,8 | 176,4 | 196,0 |
59% | 19,9 | 39,7 | 59,6 | 79,4 | 99,3 | 119,1 | 139,0 | 158,8 | 178,7 | 198,5 |
60% | 20,1 | 40,2 | 60,3 | 80,4 | 100,5 | 120,6 | 140,7 | 160,8 | 180,9 | 201,0 |
61% | 20,3 | 40,7 | 61,0 | 81,4 | 101,7 | 122,1 | 142,4 | 162,8 | 183,1 | 203,5 |
62% | 20,6 | 41,2 | 61,8 | 82,3 | 102,9 | 123,5 | 144,1 | 164,7 | 185,3 | 205,9 |
63% | 20,8 | 41,6 | 62,5 | 83,3 | 104,1 | 124,9 | 145,8 | 166,6 | 187,4 | 208,2 |
64% | 21,1 | 42,1 | 63,2 | 84,2 | 105,3 | 126,4 | 147,4 | 168,5 | 189,5 | 210,6 |
65% | 21,3 | 42,6 | 63,9 | 85,2 | 106,5 | 127,7 | 149,0 | 170,3 | 191,6 | 212,9 |
66% | 21,5 | 43,0 | 64,6 | 86,1 | 107,6 | 129,1 | 150,6 | 172,2 | 193,7 | 215,2 |
67% | 21,7 | 43,5 | 65,2 | 87,0 | 108,7 | 130,5 | 152,2 | 174,0 | 195,7 | 217,5 |
68% | 22,0 | 43,9 | 65,9 | 87,9 | 109,8 | 131,8 | 153,8 | 175,7 | 197,7 | 219,7 |
69% | 22,2 | 44,4 | 66,6 | 88,8 | 110,9 | 133,1 | 155,3 | 177,5 | 199,7 | 221,9 |
70% | 22,4 | 44,8 | 67,2 | 89,6 | 112,0 | 134,4 | 156,8 | 179,2 | 201,6 | 224,0 |
71% | 22,6 | 45,2 | 67,9 | 90,5 | 113,1 | 135,7 | 158,3 | 180,9 | 203,6 | 226,2 |
72% | 22,8 | 45,7 | 68,5 | 91,3 | 114,1 | 137,0 | 159,8 | 182,6 | 205,4 | 228,3 |
73% | 23,0 | 46,1 | 69,1 | 92,1 | 115,2 | 138,2 | 161,2 | 184,3 | 207,3 | 230,4 |
74% | 23,2 | 46,5 | 69,7 | 93,0 | 116,2 | 139,4 | 162,7 | 185,9 | 209,2 | 232,4 |
75% | 23,4 | 46,9 | 70,3 | 93,8 | 117,2 | 140,6 | 164,1 | 187,5 | 211,0 | 234,4 |
76% | 23,6 | 47,3 | 70,9 | 94,6 | 118,2 | 141,8 | 165,5 | 189,1 | 212,8 | 236,4 |
77% | 23,8 | 47,7 | 71,5 | 95,3 | 119,2 | 143,0 | 166,8 | 190,7 | 214,5 | 238,4 |
78% | 24,0 | 48,1 | 72,1 | 96,1 | 120,1 | 144,2 | 168,2 | 192,2 | 216,3 | 240,3 |
79% | 24,2 | 48,4 | 72,7 | 96,9 | 121,1 | 145,3 | 169,5 | 193,7 | 218,0 | 242,2 |
80% | 24,4 | 48,8 | 73,2 | 97,6 | 122,0 | 146,4 | 170,8 | 195,2 | 219,7 | 244,1 |
81% | 24,6 | 49,2 | 73,8 | 98,4 | 123,0 | 147,5 | 172,1 | 196,7 | 221,3 | 245,9 |
82% | 24,8 | 49,5 | 74,3 | 99,1 | 123,9 | 148,6 | 173,4 | 198,2 | 223,0 | 247,7 |
83% | 25,0 | 49,9 | 74,9 | 99,8 | 124,8 | 149,7 | 174,7 | 199,6 | 224,6 | 249,5 |
84% | 25,1 | 50,3 | 75,4 | 100,5 | 125,6 | 150,8 | 175,9 | 201,0 | 226,2 | 251,3 |
85% | 25,3 | 50,6 | 75,9 | 101,2 | 126,5 | 151,8 | 177,1 | 202,4 | 227,7 | 253,0 |
86% | 25,5 | 50,9 | 76,4 | 101,9 | 127,4 | 152,8 | 178,3 | 203,8 | 229,3 | 254,7 |
87% | 25,6 | 51,3 | 76,9 | 102,6 | 128,2 | 153,9 | 179,5 | 205,1 | 230,8 | 256,4 |
88% | 25,8 | 51,6 | 77,4 | 103,2 | 129,0 | 154,9 | 180,7 | 206,5 | 232,3 | 258,1 |
89% | 26,0 | 51,9 | 77,9 | 103,9 | 129,9 | 155,8 | 181,8 | 207,8 | 233,8 | 259,7 |
90% | 26,1 | 52,3 | 78,4 | 104,5 | 130,7 | 156,8 | 182,9 | 209,1 | 235,2 | 261,4 |
91% | 26,3 | 52,6 | 78,9 | 105,2 | 131,5 | 157,8 | 184,1 | 210,4 | 236,6 | 262,9 |
92% | 26,5 | 52,9 | 79,4 | 105,8 | 132,3 | 158,7 | 185,2 | 211,6 | 238,1 | 264,5 |
93% | 26,6 | 53,2 | 79,8 | 106,4 | 133,0 | 159,6 | 186,2 | 212,8 | 239,5 | 266,1 |
94% | 26,8 | 53,5 | 80,3 | 107,0 | 133,8 | 160,5 | 187,3 | 214,1 | 240,8 | 267,6 |
95% | 26,9 | 53,8 | 80,7 | 107,6 | 134,5 | 161,4 | 188,4 | 215,3 | 242,2 | 269,1 |
96% | 27,1 | 54,1 | 81,2 | 108,2 | 135,3 | 162,3 | 189,4 | 216,4 | 243,5 | 270,6 |
97% | 27,2 | 54,4 | 81,6 | 108,8 | 136,0 | 163,2 | 190,4 | 217,6 | 244,8 | 272,0 |
98% | 27,3 | 54,7 | 82,0 | 109,4 | 136,7 | 164,1 | 191,4 | 218,8 | 246,1 | 273,4 |
99% | 27,5 | 55,0 | 82,5 | 109,9 | 137,4 | 164,9 | 192,4 | 219,9 | 247,4 | 274,9 |
100% | 27,6 | 55,3 | 82,9 | 110,5 | 138,1 | 165,8 | 193,4 | 221,0 | 248,6 | 276,3 |
Die Grafik zeigt den Mehrverbrauch bei einem realistischen Wirkungsgrad von 15%:
Die Grafik veranschaulicht den Mehrverbrauch bei einem theoretischen Wirkungsgrad von 40%:
Anlog hierzu die zusätzliche Leistung in kW, welche ein Fahrzeug benötigt:
Um mit 130 km/h eine Steigung von 100% zu bewältigen benötigt man demnach eine zusätzlich eine Leistung von ca. 550 kW oder 748 PS.
10 km/h | 20 km/h | 30 km/h | 40 km/h | 50 km/h | 60 km/h | 70 km/h | 80 km/h | 90 km/h | 100 km/h | 110 km/h | 120 km/h | 130 km/h | 140 km/h | 150 km/h | |
1% | 0,14649805 | 0,2929961 | 0,43949415 | 0,58599221 | 0,73249026 | 0,87898831 | 1,02548636 | 1,17198441 | 1,31848246 | 1,46498052 | 1,61147857 | 1,75797662 | 1,90447467 | 2,05097272 | 2,19747077 |
2% | 0,29295217 | 0,58590434 | 0,8788565 | 1,17180867 | 1,46476084 | 1,75771301 | 2,05066518 | 2,34361734 | 2,63656951 | 2,92952168 | 3,22247385 | 3,51542602 | 3,80837819 | 4,10133035 | 4,39428252 |
3% | 0,43931848 | 0,87863696 | 1,31795544 | 1,75727392 | 2,1965924 | 2,63591088 | 3,07522936 | 3,51454784 | 3,95386632 | 4,3931848 | 4,83250328 | 5,27182176 | 5,71114024 | 6,15045872 | 6,5897772 |
4% | 0,58555325 | 1,1711065 | 1,75665975 | 2,342213 | 2,92776625 | 3,5133195 | 4,09887275 | 4,684426 | 5,26997925 | 5,8555325 | 6,44108575 | 7,026639 | 7,61219225 | 8,1977455 | 8,78329875 |
5% | 0,73161294 | 1,46322587 | 2,19483881 | 2,92645175 | 3,65806468 | 4,38967762 | 5,12129055 | 5,85290349 | 6,58451643 | 7,31612936 | 8,0477423 | 8,77935524 | 9,51096817 | 10,2425811 | 10,974194 |
6% | 0,87745426 | 1,75490852 | 2,63236278 | 3,50981704 | 4,3872713 | 5,26472556 | 6,14217982 | 7,01963407 | 7,89708833 | 8,77454259 | 9,65199685 | 10,5294511 | 11,4069054 | 12,2843596 | 13,1618139 |
7% | 1,02303426 | 2,04606853 | 3,06910279 | 4,09213705 | 5,11517132 | 6,13820558 | 7,16123984 | 8,18427411 | 9,20730837 | 10,2303426 | 11,2533769 | 12,2764112 | 13,2994454 | 14,3224797 | 15,345514 |
8% | 1,16831038 | 2,33662076 | 3,50493114 | 4,67324152 | 5,8415519 | 7,00986228 | 8,17817266 | 9,34648304 | 10,5147934 | 11,6831038 | 12,8514142 | 14,0197246 | 15,1880349 | 16,3563453 | 17,5246557 |
9% | 1,31324049 | 2,62648098 | 3,93972147 | 5,25296196 | 6,56620245 | 7,87944294 | 9,19268343 | 10,5059239 | 11,8191644 | 13,1324049 | 14,4456454 | 15,7588859 | 17,0721264 | 18,3853669 | 19,6986073 |
10% | 1,45778298 | 2,91556596 | 4,37334894 | 5,83113192 | 7,2889149 | 8,74669788 | 10,2044809 | 11,6622638 | 13,1200468 | 14,5778298 | 16,0356128 | 17,4933958 | 18,9511787 | 20,4089617 | 21,8667447 |
11% | 1,6018968 | 3,20379361 | 4,80569041 | 6,40758722 | 8,00948402 | 9,61138083 | 11,2132776 | 12,8151744 | 14,4170712 | 16,018968 | 17,6208649 | 19,2227617 | 20,8246585 | 22,4265553 | 24,0284521 |
12% | 1,74554154 | 3,49108308 | 5,23662462 | 6,98216615 | 8,72770769 | 10,4732492 | 12,2187908 | 13,9643323 | 15,7098738 | 17,4554154 | 19,2009569 | 20,9464985 | 22,69204 | 24,4375815 | 26,1831231 |
13% | 1,88867743 | 3,77735486 | 5,6660323 | 7,55470973 | 9,44338716 | 11,3320646 | 13,220742 | 15,1094195 | 16,9980969 | 18,8867743 | 20,7754518 | 22,6641292 | 24,5528066 | 26,4414841 | 28,3301615 |
14% | 2,03126546 | 4,06253093 | 6,09379639 | 8,12506186 | 10,1563273 | 12,1875928 | 14,2188582 | 16,2501237 | 18,2813892 | 20,3126546 | 22,3439201 | 24,3751856 | 26,406451 | 28,4377165 | 30,468982 |
15% | 2,17326739 | 4,34653478 | 6,51980217 | 8,69306955 | 10,8663369 | 13,0396043 | 15,2128717 | 17,3861391 | 19,5594065 | 21,7326739 | 23,9059413 | 26,0792087 | 28,252476 | 30,4257434 | 32,5990108 |
16% | 2,31464578 | 4,62929156 | 6,94393735 | 9,25858313 | 11,5732289 | 13,8878747 | 16,2025205 | 18,5171663 | 20,831812 | 23,1464578 | 25,4611036 | 27,7757494 | 30,0903952 | 32,405041 | 34,7196867 |
17% | 2,45536409 | 4,91072818 | 7,36609227 | 9,82145636 | 12,2768205 | 14,7321845 | 17,1875486 | 19,6429127 | 22,0982768 | 24,5536409 | 27,009005 | 29,4643691 | 31,9197332 | 34,3750973 | 36,8304614 |
18% | 2,59538667 | 5,19077334 | 7,78616001 | 10,3815467 | 12,9769333 | 15,57232 | 18,1677067 | 20,7630934 | 23,35848 | 25,9538667 | 28,5492534 | 31,14464 | 33,7400267 | 36,3354134 | 38,9308 |
19% | 2,73467882 | 5,46935763 | 8,20403645 | 10,9387153 | 13,6733941 | 16,4080729 | 19,1427517 | 21,8774305 | 24,6121093 | 27,3467882 | 30,081467 | 32,8161458 | 35,5508246 | 38,2855034 | 41,0201822 |
20% | 2,87320682 | 5,74641364 | 8,61962046 | 11,4928273 | 14,3660341 | 17,2392409 | 20,1124477 | 22,9856545 | 25,8588614 | 28,7320682 | 31,605275 | 34,4784818 | 37,3516886 | 40,2248955 | 43,0981023 |
21% | 3,01093798 | 6,02187595 | 9,03281393 | 12,0437519 | 15,0546899 | 18,0656279 | 21,0765658 | 24,0875038 | 27,0984418 | 30,1093798 | 33,1203177 | 36,1312557 | 39,1421937 | 42,1531317 | 45,1640696 |
22% | 3,14784063 | 6,29568127 | 9,4435219 | 12,5913625 | 15,7392032 | 18,8870438 | 22,0348844 | 25,1827251 | 28,3305657 | 31,4784063 | 34,626247 | 37,7740876 | 40,9219282 | 44,0697689 | 47,2176095 |
23% | 3,28388421 | 6,56776842 | 9,85165263 | 13,1355368 | 16,4194211 | 19,7033053 | 22,9871895 | 26,2710737 | 29,5549579 | 32,8388421 | 36,1227263 | 39,4066105 | 42,6904947 | 45,974379 | 49,2582632 |
24% | 3,41903922 | 6,83807845 | 10,2571177 | 13,6761569 | 17,0951961 | 20,5142353 | 23,9332746 | 27,3523138 | 30,771353 | 34,1903922 | 37,6094315 | 41,0284707 | 44,4475099 | 47,8665491 | 51,2855883 |
25% | 3,5532773 | 7,1065546 | 10,6598319 | 14,2131092 | 17,7663865 | 21,3196638 | 24,8729411 | 28,4262184 | 31,9794957 | 35,532773 | 39,0860503 | 42,6393276 | 46,1926049 | 49,7458822 | 53,2991595 |
26% | 3,68657122 | 7,37314243 | 11,0597136 | 14,7462849 | 18,4328561 | 22,1194273 | 25,8059985 | 29,4925697 | 33,1791409 | 36,8657122 | 40,5522834 | 44,2388546 | 47,9254258 | 51,611997 | 55,2985682 |
27% | 3,81889488 | 7,63778976 | 11,4566846 | 15,2755795 | 19,0944744 | 22,9133693 | 26,7322642 | 30,551159 | 34,3700539 | 38,1889488 | 42,0078437 | 45,8267385 | 49,6456334 | 53,4645283 | 57,2834232 |
28% | 3,95022337 | 7,90044674 | 11,8506701 | 15,8008935 | 19,7511169 | 23,7013402 | 27,6515636 | 31,601787 | 35,5520103 | 39,5022337 | 43,4524571 | 47,4026805 | 51,3529038 | 55,3031272 | 59,2533506 |
29% | 4,08053294 | 8,16106588 | 12,2415988 | 16,3221318 | 20,4026647 | 24,4831976 | 28,5637306 | 32,6442635 | 36,7247965 | 40,8053294 | 44,8858623 | 48,9663953 | 53,0469282 | 57,1274612 | 61,2079941 |
30% | 4,20980101 | 8,41960202 | 12,629403 | 16,839204 | 21,0490051 | 25,2588061 | 29,4686071 | 33,6784081 | 37,8882091 | 42,0980101 | 46,3078111 | 50,5176121 | 54,7274132 | 58,9372142 | 63,1470152 |
31% | 4,33800619 | 8,67601238 | 13,0140186 | 17,3520248 | 21,6900309 | 26,0280371 | 30,3660433 | 34,7040495 | 39,0420557 | 43,3800619 | 47,7180681 | 52,0560743 | 56,3940805 | 60,7320867 | 65,0700928 |
32% | 4,46512826 | 8,93025652 | 13,3953848 | 17,860513 | 22,3256413 | 26,7907696 | 31,2558978 | 35,7210261 | 40,1861543 | 44,6512826 | 49,1164109 | 53,5815391 | 58,0466674 | 62,5117956 | 66,9769239 |
33% | 4,59114819 | 9,18229637 | 13,7734446 | 18,3645927 | 22,9557409 | 27,5468891 | 32,1380373 | 36,7291855 | 41,3203337 | 45,9114819 | 50,5026301 | 55,0937782 | 59,6849264 | 64,2760746 | 68,8672228 |
34% | 4,71604811 | 9,43209622 | 14,1481443 | 18,8641924 | 23,5802405 | 28,2962886 | 33,0123368 | 37,7283849 | 42,444433 | 47,1604811 | 51,8765292 | 56,5925773 | 61,3086254 | 66,0246735 | 70,7407216 |
35% | 4,83981133 | 9,67962266 | 14,519434 | 19,3592453 | 24,1990567 | 29,038868 | 33,8786793 | 38,7184906 | 43,558302 | 48,3981133 | 53,2379246 | 58,077736 | 62,9175473 | 67,7573586 | 72,59717 |
36% | 4,96242232 | 9,92484463 | 14,887267 | 19,8496893 | 24,8121116 | 29,7745339 | 34,7369562 | 39,6993785 | 44,6618009 | 49,6242232 | 54,5866455 | 59,5490678 | 64,5114901 | 69,4739124 | 74,4363348 |
37% | 5,08386668 | 10,1677334 | 15,2516 | 20,3354667 | 25,4193334 | 30,5032001 | 35,5870668 | 40,6709335 | 45,7548001 | 50,8386668 | 55,9225335 | 61,0064002 | 66,0902669 | 71,1741336 | 76,2580002 |
38% | 5,20413117 | 10,4082623 | 15,6123935 | 20,8165247 | 26,0206559 | 31,224787 | 36,4289182 | 41,6330494 | 46,8371805 | 52,0413117 | 57,2454429 | 62,449574 | 67,6537052 | 72,8578364 | 78,0619676 |
39% | 5,32320365 | 10,6464073 | 15,9696109 | 21,2928146 | 26,6160182 | 31,9392219 | 37,2624255 | 42,5856292 | 47,9088328 | 53,2320365 | 58,5552401 | 63,8784438 | 69,2016474 | 74,5248511 | 79,8480547 |
40% | 5,44107308 | 10,8821462 | 16,3232192 | 21,7642923 | 27,2053654 | 32,6464385 | 38,0875116 | 43,5285846 | 48,9696577 | 54,4107308 | 59,8518039 | 65,292877 | 70,7339501 | 76,1750231 | 81,6160962 |
41% | 5,55772952 | 11,115459 | 16,6731886 | 22,2309181 | 27,7886476 | 33,3463771 | 38,9041067 | 44,4618362 | 50,0195657 | 55,5772952 | 61,1350247 | 66,6927543 | 72,2504838 | 77,8082133 | 83,3659428 |
42% | 5,67316409 | 11,3463282 | 17,0194923 | 22,6926563 | 28,3658204 | 34,0389845 | 39,7121486 | 45,3853127 | 51,0584768 | 56,7316409 | 62,4048049 | 68,077969 | 73,7511331 | 79,4242972 | 85,0974613 |
43% | 5,78736893 | 11,5747379 | 17,3621068 | 23,1494757 | 28,9368446 | 34,7242136 | 40,5115825 | 46,2989514 | 52,0863203 | 57,8736893 | 63,6610582 | 69,4484271 | 75,2357961 | 81,023165 | 86,8105339 |
44% | 5,90033723 | 11,8006745 | 17,7010117 | 23,6013489 | 29,5016861 | 35,4020234 | 41,3023606 | 47,2026978 | 53,103035 | 59,0033723 | 64,9037095 | 70,8040467 | 76,7043839 | 82,6047212 | 88,5050584 |
45% | 6,01206315 | 12,0241263 | 18,0361894 | 24,0482526 | 30,0603157 | 36,0723789 | 42,084442 | 48,0965052 | 54,1085683 | 60,1206315 | 66,1326946 | 72,1447578 | 78,1568209 | 84,1688841 | 90,1809472 |
46% | 6,12254184 | 12,2450837 | 18,3676255 | 24,4901674 | 30,6127092 | 36,735251 | 42,8577929 | 48,9803347 | 55,1028766 | 61,2254184 | 67,3479603 | 73,4705021 | 79,5930439 | 85,7155858 | 91,8381276 |
47% | 6,23176939 | 12,4635388 | 18,6953082 | 24,9270775 | 31,1588469 | 37,3906163 | 43,6223857 | 49,8541551 | 56,0859245 | 62,3176939 | 68,5494633 | 74,7812326 | 81,013002 | 87,2447714 | 93,4765408 |
48% | 6,33974279 | 12,6794856 | 19,0192284 | 25,3589712 | 31,698714 | 38,0384567 | 44,3781995 | 50,7179423 | 57,0576851 | 63,3974279 | 69,7371707 | 76,0769135 | 82,4166563 | 88,7563991 | 95,0961419 |
49% | 6,44645995 | 12,8929199 | 19,3393798 | 25,7858398 | 32,2322997 | 38,6787597 | 45,1252196 | 51,5716796 | 58,0181395 | 64,4645995 | 70,9110594 | 77,3575194 | 83,8039793 | 90,2504393 | 96,6968992 |
50% | 6,55191961 | 13,1038392 | 19,6557588 | 26,2076784 | 32,7595981 | 39,3115177 | 45,8634373 | 52,4153569 | 58,9672765 | 65,5191961 | 72,0711157 | 78,6230353 | 85,1749549 | 91,7268746 | 98,2787942 |
51% | 6,65612137 | 13,3122427 | 19,9683641 | 26,6244855 | 33,2806069 | 39,9367282 | 46,5928496 | 53,248971 | 59,9050924 | 66,5612137 | 73,2173351 | 79,8734565 | 86,5295779 | 93,1856992 | 99,8418206 |
52% | 6,75906563 | 13,5181313 | 20,2771969 | 27,0362625 | 33,7953282 | 40,5543938 | 47,3134594 | 54,072525 | 60,8315907 | 67,5906563 | 74,3497219 | 81,1087876 | 87,8678532 | 94,6269188 | 101,385984 |
53% | 6,86075355 | 13,7215071 | 20,5822607 | 27,4430142 | 34,3037678 | 41,1645213 | 48,0252749 | 54,8860284 | 61,746782 | 68,6075355 | 75,4682891 | 82,3290426 | 89,1897962 | 96,0505497 | 102,911303 |
54% | 6,96118706 | 13,9223741 | 20,8835612 | 27,8447482 | 34,8059353 | 41,7671223 | 48,7283094 | 55,6894965 | 62,6506835 | 69,6118706 | 76,5730576 | 83,5342447 | 90,4954317 | 97,4566188 | 104,417806 |
55% | 7,06036878 | 14,1207376 | 21,1811063 | 28,2414751 | 35,3018439 | 42,3622127 | 49,4225815 | 56,4829502 | 63,543319 | 70,6036878 | 77,6640566 | 84,7244254 | 91,7847941 | 98,8451629 | 105,905532 |
56% | 7,15830204 | 14,3166041 | 21,4749061 | 28,6332082 | 35,7915102 | 42,9498123 | 50,1081143 | 57,2664164 | 64,4247184 | 71,5830204 | 78,7413225 | 85,8996245 | 93,0579266 | 100,216229 | 107,374531 |
57% | 7,25499083 | 14,5099817 | 21,7649725 | 29,0199633 | 36,2749542 | 43,529945 | 50,7849358 | 58,0399267 | 65,2949175 | 72,5499083 | 79,8048992 | 87,05989 | 94,3148808 | 101,569872 | 108,824862 |
58% | 7,35043976 | 14,7008795 | 22,0513193 | 29,401759 | 36,7521988 | 44,1026385 | 51,4530783 | 58,803518 | 66,1539578 | 73,5043976 | 80,8548373 | 88,2052771 | 95,5557168 | 102,906157 | 110,256596 |
59% | 7,44465403 | 14,8893081 | 22,3339621 | 29,7786161 | 37,2232701 | 44,6679242 | 52,1125782 | 59,5572322 | 67,0018862 | 74,4465403 | 81,8911943 | 89,3358483 | 96,7805023 | 104,225156 | 111,66981 |
60% | 7,53763943 | 15,0752789 | 22,6129183 | 30,1505577 | 37,6881971 | 45,2258366 | 52,763476 | 60,3011154 | 67,8387548 | 75,3763943 | 82,9140337 | 90,4516731 | 97,9893126 | 105,526952 | 113,064591 |
61% | 7,62940229 | 15,2588046 | 22,8882069 | 30,5176092 | 38,1470114 | 45,7764137 | 53,405816 | 61,0352183 | 68,6646206 | 76,2940229 | 83,9234252 | 91,5528275 | 99,1822297 | 106,811632 | 114,441034 |
62% | 7,71994945 | 15,4398989 | 23,1598483 | 30,8797978 | 38,5997472 | 46,3196967 | 54,0396461 | 61,7595956 | 69,479545 | 77,1994945 | 84,9194439 | 92,6393934 | 100,359343 | 108,079292 | 115,799242 |
63% | 7,80928825 | 15,6185765 | 23,4278647 | 31,237153 | 39,0464412 | 46,8557295 | 54,6650177 | 62,474306 | 70,2835942 | 78,0928825 | 85,9021707 | 93,7114589 | 101,520747 | 109,330035 | 117,139324 |
64% | 7,89742647 | 15,7948529 | 23,6922794 | 31,5897059 | 39,4871323 | 47,3845588 | 55,2819853 | 63,1794117 | 71,0768382 | 78,9742647 | 86,8716911 | 94,7691176 | 102,666544 | 110,563971 | 118,461397 |
65% | 7,98437234 | 15,9687447 | 23,953117 | 31,9374894 | 39,9218617 | 47,906234 | 55,8906064 | 63,8749787 | 71,8593511 | 79,8437234 | 87,8280957 | 95,8124681 | 103,79684 | 111,781213 | 119,765585 |
66% | 8,0701345 | 16,140269 | 24,2104035 | 32,280538 | 40,3506725 | 48,420807 | 56,4909415 | 64,561076 | 72,6312105 | 80,701345 | 88,7714795 | 96,841614 | 104,911749 | 112,981883 | 121,052018 |
67% | 8,15472197 | 16,3094439 | 24,4641659 | 32,6188879 | 40,7736099 | 48,9283318 | 57,0830538 | 65,2377758 | 73,3924978 | 81,5472197 | 89,7019417 | 97,8566637 | 106,011386 | 114,166108 | 122,32083 |
68% | 8,23814413 | 16,4762883 | 24,7144324 | 32,9525765 | 41,1907207 | 49,4288648 | 57,6670089 | 65,905153 | 74,1432972 | 82,3814413 | 90,6195854 | 98,8577296 | 107,095874 | 115,334018 | 123,572162 |
69% | 8,32041068 | 16,6408214 | 24,9612321 | 33,2816427 | 41,6020534 | 49,9224641 | 58,2428748 | 66,5632855 | 74,8836962 | 83,2041068 | 91,5245175 | 99,8449282 | 108,165339 | 116,48575 | 124,80616 |
70% | 8,40153166 | 16,8030633 | 25,204595 | 33,6061266 | 42,0076583 | 50,4091899 | 58,8107216 | 67,2122533 | 75,6137849 | 84,0153166 | 92,4168482 | 100,81838 | 109,219912 | 117,621443 | 126,022975 |
71% | 8,48151736 | 16,9630347 | 25,4445521 | 33,9260695 | 42,4075868 | 50,8891042 | 59,3706215 | 67,8521389 | 76,3336563 | 84,8151736 | 93,296691 | 101,778208 | 110,259726 | 118,741243 | 127,22276 |
72% | 8,56037838 | 17,1207568 | 25,6811351 | 34,2415135 | 42,8018919 | 51,3622703 | 59,9226486 | 68,483027 | 77,0434054 | 85,6037838 | 94,1641621 | 102,724541 | 111,284919 | 119,845297 | 128,405676 |
73% | 8,63812552 | 17,276251 | 25,9143766 | 34,5525021 | 43,1906276 | 51,8287531 | 60,4668786 | 69,1050042 | 77,7431297 | 86,3812552 | 95,0193807 | 103,657506 | 112,295632 | 120,933757 | 129,571883 |
74% | 8,71476984 | 17,4295397 | 26,1443095 | 34,8590793 | 43,5738492 | 52,288619 | 61,0033889 | 69,7181587 | 78,4329285 | 87,1476984 | 95,8624682 | 104,577238 | 113,292008 | 122,006778 | 130,721548 |
75% | 8,79032258 | 17,5806452 | 26,3709677 | 35,1612903 | 43,9516129 | 52,7419355 | 61,5322581 | 70,3225806 | 79,1129032 | 87,9032258 | 96,6935484 | 105,483871 | 114,274194 | 123,064516 | 131,854839 |
76% | 8,86479518 | 17,7295904 | 26,5943855 | 35,4591807 | 44,3239759 | 53,1887711 | 62,0535663 | 70,9183615 | 79,7831566 | 88,6479518 | 97,512747 | 106,377542 | 115,242337 | 124,107133 | 132,971928 |
77% | 8,93819924 | 17,8763985 | 26,8145977 | 35,752797 | 44,6909962 | 53,6291955 | 62,5673947 | 71,505594 | 80,4437932 | 89,3819924 | 98,3201917 | 107,258391 | 116,19659 | 125,134789 | 134,072989 |
78% | 9,01054651 | 18,021093 | 27,0316395 | 36,0421861 | 45,0527326 | 54,0632791 | 63,0738256 | 72,0843721 | 81,0949186 | 90,1054651 | 99,1160116 | 108,126558 | 117,137105 | 126,147651 | 135,158198 |
79% | 9,08184887 | 18,1636977 | 27,2455466 | 36,3273955 | 45,4092443 | 54,4910932 | 63,5729421 | 72,6547909 | 81,7366398 | 90,8184887 | 99,9003376 | 108,982186 | 118,064035 | 127,145884 | 136,227733 |
80% | 9,1521183 | 18,3042366 | 27,4563549 | 36,6084732 | 45,7605915 | 54,9127098 | 64,0648281 | 73,2169464 | 82,3690647 | 91,521183 | 100,673301 | 109,82542 | 118,977538 | 128,129656 | 137,281775 |
81% | 9,22136691 | 18,4427338 | 27,6641007 | 36,8854677 | 46,1068346 | 55,3282015 | 64,5495684 | 73,7709353 | 82,9923022 | 92,2136691 | 101,435036 | 110,656403 | 119,87777 | 129,099137 | 138,320504 |
82% | 9,28960687 | 18,5792137 | 27,8688206 | 37,1584275 | 46,4480344 | 55,7376412 | 65,0272481 | 74,316855 | 83,6064618 | 92,8960687 | 102,185676 | 111,475282 | 120,764889 | 130,054496 | 139,344103 |
83% | 9,35685042 | 18,7137008 | 28,0705513 | 37,4274017 | 46,7842521 | 56,1411025 | 65,497953 | 74,8548034 | 84,2116538 | 93,5685042 | 102,925355 | 112,282205 | 121,639055 | 130,995906 | 140,352756 |
84% | 9,42310987 | 18,8462197 | 28,2693296 | 37,6924395 | 47,1155493 | 56,5386592 | 65,9617691 | 75,3848789 | 84,8079888 | 94,2310987 | 103,654209 | 113,077318 | 122,500428 | 131,923538 | 141,346648 |
85% | 9,48839755 | 18,9767951 | 28,4651927 | 37,9535902 | 47,4419878 | 56,9303853 | 66,4187829 | 75,9071804 | 85,395578 | 94,8839755 | 104,372373 | 113,860771 | 123,349168 | 132,837566 | 142,325963 |
86% | 9,55272585 | 19,1054517 | 28,6581775 | 38,2109034 | 47,7636292 | 57,3163551 | 66,8690809 | 76,4218068 | 85,9745326 | 95,5272585 | 105,079984 | 114,63271 | 124,185436 | 133,738162 | 143,290888 |
87% | 9,61610714 | 19,2322143 | 28,8483214 | 38,4644286 | 48,0805357 | 57,6966429 | 67,31275 | 76,9288571 | 86,5449643 | 96,1610714 | 105,777179 | 115,393286 | 125,009393 | 134,6255 | 144,241607 |
88% | 9,67855384 | 19,3571077 | 29,0356615 | 38,7142153 | 48,3927692 | 58,071323 | 67,7498769 | 77,4284307 | 87,1069845 | 96,7855384 | 106,464092 | 116,142646 | 125,8212 | 135,499754 | 145,178308 |
89% | 9,74007832 | 19,4801566 | 29,220235 | 38,9603133 | 48,7003916 | 58,4404699 | 68,1805483 | 77,9206266 | 87,6607049 | 97,4007832 | 107,140862 | 116,88094 | 126,621018 | 136,361097 | 146,101175 |
90% | 9,80069298 | 19,601386 | 29,4020789 | 39,2027719 | 49,0034649 | 58,8041579 | 68,6048508 | 78,4055438 | 88,2062368 | 98,0069298 | 107,807623 | 117,608316 | 127,409009 | 137,209702 | 147,010395 |
91% | 9,86041016 | 19,7208203 | 29,5812305 | 39,4416406 | 49,3020508 | 59,1624609 | 69,0228711 | 78,8832813 | 88,7436914 | 98,6041016 | 108,464512 | 118,324922 | 128,185332 | 138,045742 | 147,906152 |
92% | 9,91924219 | 19,8384844 | 29,7577266 | 39,6769687 | 49,5962109 | 59,5154531 | 69,4346953 | 79,3539375 | 89,2731797 | 99,1924219 | 109,111664 | 119,030906 | 128,950148 | 138,869391 | 148,788633 |
93% | 9,97720134 | 19,9544027 | 29,931604 | 39,9088054 | 49,8860067 | 59,8632081 | 69,8404094 | 79,8176107 | 89,7948121 | 99,7720134 | 109,749215 | 119,726416 | 129,703617 | 139,680819 | 149,65802 |
94% | 10,0342999 | 20,0685997 | 30,1028996 | 40,1371994 | 50,1714993 | 60,2057992 | 70,240099 | 80,2743989 | 90,3086987 | 100,342999 | 110,377298 | 120,411598 | 130,445898 | 140,480198 | 150,514498 |
95% | 10,0905499 | 20,1810998 | 30,2716497 | 40,3621996 | 50,4527496 | 60,5432995 | 70,6338494 | 80,7243993 | 90,8149492 | 100,905499 | 110,996049 | 121,086599 | 131,177149 | 141,267699 | 151,358249 |
96% | 10,1459636 | 20,2919272 | 30,4378908 | 40,5838544 | 50,7298181 | 60,8757817 | 71,0217453 | 81,1677089 | 91,3136725 | 101,459636 | 111,6056 | 121,751563 | 131,897527 | 142,043491 | 152,189454 |
97% | 10,200553 | 20,401106 | 30,601659 | 40,802212 | 51,002765 | 61,203318 | 71,403871 | 81,604424 | 91,804977 | 102,00553 | 112,206083 | 122,406636 | 132,607189 | 142,807742 | 153,008295 |
98% | 10,25433 | 20,5086601 | 30,7629901 | 41,0173201 | 51,2716502 | 61,5259802 | 71,7803103 | 82,0346403 | 92,2889703 | 102,5433 | 112,79763 | 123,05196 | 133,30629 | 143,560621 | 153,814951 |
99% | 10,3073066 | 20,6146132 | 30,9219198 | 41,2292264 | 51,536533 | 61,8438397 | 72,1511463 | 82,4584529 | 92,7657595 | 103,073066 | 113,380373 | 123,687679 | 133,994986 | 144,302293 | 154,609599 |
100% | 10,3594945 | 20,718989 | 31,0784835 | 41,437978 | 51,7974725 | 62,1569671 | 72,5164616 | 82,8759561 | 93,2354506 | 103,594945 | 113,95444 | 124,313934 | 134,673429 | 145,032923 | 155,392418 |